Ngakhale malamulo osunga zolemba za Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) salola olemba anzawo ntchito omwe ali ndi antchito a 10 kapena ocheperapo kuti alembe kuvulala kopanda ntchito komanso matenda, olemba ntchito onse amtundu uliwonse ayenera kutsatira malamulo onse a OSHA kuti atsimikizire chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito ake."Malamulo onse a OSHA" amatanthauza malamulo a federal OSHA kapena "ndondomeko ya boma" malamulo a OSHA.Pakadali pano, mayiko 22 alandila chilolezo cha OSHA kuti aziyang'anira chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito awo komanso mapulogalamu azaumoyo.Mapulani a bomawa amagwira ntchito kumakampani azigawo zapadera, kuphatikiza mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono, komanso maboma aboma ndi maboma.
OSHA safuna eni mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono (opanda antchito) kuti azitsatira malamulo awo kwa olemba anzawo ntchito.Komabe, eni mabizinesi ang'onoang'onowa akuyenerabe kutsatirabe malamulo omwe ali nawo kuti atsimikizire chitetezo chawo pantchito.
Mwachitsanzo, kuvala zodzitetezera ku kupuma pogwira zinthu zowopsa kapena mankhwala oopsa, kugwiritsa ntchito zodzitetezera kugwa pogwira ntchito pamalo okwera, kapena kuvala zodzitetezera ku makutu pamene mukugwira ntchito pamalo aphokoso si zamakampani omwe ali ndi antchito okha.Njira zodzitetezerazi zimathandizanso kuti munthu mmodzi azigwira ntchito.Mumtundu uliwonse wa ntchito, nthawi zonse pali mwayi wa ngozi za kuntchito, ndipo kutsata malamulo a OSHA kumathandiza kuchepetsa izi.
Makamaka, OSHA ikuyerekeza kuti kutsatira Lockout / Tagout (yomwe nthawi zambiri imayimiridwa ndi mawu akuti LOTO) kumatha kupulumutsa miyoyo pafupifupi 120 chaka chilichonse ndikuletsa kuvulala pafupifupi 50,000 chaka chilichonse.Choncho, pafupifupi chaka chilichonse OSHA imasindikiza mndandanda, kusagwirizana ndi malamulo kumapitirizabe kukhala mndandanda wa 10 wapamwamba kwambiri wa OSHA wophwanya malamulo.
Malamulo a boma ndi boma a OSHA otsekera/kutsekera amafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane njira zotetezera zomwe olemba anzawo ntchito amatsata kuti aletse makina ndi zida mwangozi chifukwa cha zolakwika za anthu kapena mphamvu zotsalira pakukonza ndi kukonza.
Pofuna kupewa kuyambitsa mwangozi, mphamvu zamakina ndi zida zomwe zimaonedwa kuti ndi "zowopsa" "zotsekedwa" ndi maloko enieni ndipo "zimayikidwa" ndi ma tag enieni makina kapena zida zitazimitsidwa.OSHA imatanthawuza "mphamvu yowopsa" ngati mphamvu iliyonse yomwe ingayambitse ngozi kwa ogwira ntchito, kuphatikizapo koma osati kumagetsi, makina, ma hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical, ndi matenthedwe mphamvu.Njira zodzitetezerazi ziyenera kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi eni mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono oyendetsedwa ndi munthu m'modzi.
Eni mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono angafunse kuti: "Kodi cholakwika ndi chiyani?"Ganizirani za ngozi yowononga kwambiri yomwe inachitika pafakitale ya Barcardi Bottling Corp. ku Jacksonville, Florida mu Ogasiti 2012. Barcardi Bottling Corp. mwachiwonekere si kampani yaying'ono, koma makampani ang'onoang'ono ambiri ali ndi njira zofanana ndendende ndi makampani akuluakulu.Kampaniyo ili ndi, monga palletizing zokha.Wogwira ntchito kwakanthawi pafakitale ya Bacardi anali kuyeretsa palletizer patsiku loyamba lantchito.Makinawa adayambitsidwa mwangozi ndi wogwira ntchito wina yemwe sanawone wogwira ntchitoyo, ndipo wogwira ntchitoyo adaphwanyidwa ndi makinawo mpaka kufa.
Kupatula kufinya ngozi, kulephera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zodzitetezera za LOTO kungayambitse ngozi zamoto, zomwe zimapangitsa kuvulala kwambiri ndi kufa.Kuperewera kwa LOTO kuwongolera mphamvu zamagetsi kungayambitse kuvulala kwakukulu kwamagetsi ndi kufa chifukwa cha electrocution.Mphamvu zamakina zosalamulirika zimatha kuyambitsa kudulidwa, komwe kungathenso kupha.Mndandanda wa "Chitani cholakwika?"alibe malire.Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoteteza LOTO kumatha kupulumutsa miyoyo yambiri ndikupewa kuvulala kochuluka.
Poganizira momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito LOTO ndi njira zina zodzitetezera, mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi makampani akulu nthawi zonse amaganizira nthawi ndi mtengo wake.Anthu ena akhoza kudabwa "Ndiyambira kuti?"
Kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono, pali njira yaulere yoyambira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zodzitetezera, kaya ndi munthu m'modzi kapena wogwira ntchito.Maofesi a federal ndi boma a OSHA amapereka chithandizo chaulere pozindikira zomwe zingatheke komanso zoopsa zenizeni kuntchito.Amaperekanso malingaliro a momwe angathetsere mavutowa.Katswiri wa chitetezo mdera lanu ndi njira ina yothandizira.Ambiri amapereka mitengo yotsika mtengo kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono.
Kusamvetsetsana kofala ponena za ngozi zapantchito ndilakuti “sizingandichitikire konse.”Pachifukwa ichi, ngozi zimatchedwa ngozi.Zimakhala zosayembekezereka, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala mwangozi.Komabe, ngakhale m'mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono, ngozi zimachitika.Chifukwa chake, eni mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono nthawi zonse amayenera kutengera njira zodzitetezera monga LOTO kuti awonetsetse kuti ntchito zawo ndi zotetezeka.
Izi zingafunike mtengo ndi nthawi, koma kugwira ntchito mosatekeseka kumatsimikizira kuti makasitomala amapeza zinthu ndi ntchito zawo akafuna.Chofunika koposa, kugwira ntchito mosatekeseka kumawonetsetsa kuti eni mabizinesi ndi ogwira ntchito amatha kupita kwawo mosatekeseka kumapeto kwa tsiku logwira ntchito.Ubwino wa ntchito yotetezeka umaposa ndalama ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito njira zodzitetezera.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-14-2021