Makumi asanu ndi anayi pa zana a kuwonongeka kwa makina kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchotsedwa kwa njira yotsekera anthu kunja
Posachedwapa, nkhani yaposachedwa ya ziwerengero za ngozi zokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha mafakitale yomwe yatulutsidwa ndi Dipatimenti Yoyang'anira Zadzidzidzi Yadziko Lonse yakopa chidwi cha makampani ambiri. Deta ikusonyeza kutiZoposa 90% za kuwonongeka kwa makina m'makampani opanga zinthu zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchotsedwa kwa njira zotsekera anthu (LOTO)Chaka chathachi. Chiwerengero chodabwitsachi chaperekanso chenjezo pakugwiritsa ntchito malamulo achitetezo popanga mafakitale, ponena kuti kunyalanyaza ntchito za LOTO kwakhala "chakupha chachikulu" pakugwirizanitsa zida ndi zida.
Kutseka tagout, monga njira yofunikira yotetezera pakulekanitsa magwero a mphamvu zamagetsi panthawi yokonza, kumafuna kuti ogwira ntchito azidula kaye magetsi, gasi, hydraulic ndi zina zamagetsi pazida, kenako nkutseka chipangizo cholekanitsa mphamvu, ndikuyika chizindikiro chochenjeza kuti zidazo zisayambike mwangozi ndi anthu osafunikira. Komabe, pakugwira ntchito kwenikweni, "njira yopulumutsira moyo" iyi nthawi zambiri imanyalanyazidwa chifukwa cha zinthu monga nthawi yomanga yocheperako, malingaliro a antchito osakhazikika, komanso kuyang'anira kosakwanira kwa mabizinesi.
Nkhani yomwe yafufuzidwa mu chilengezochi ndi yachizolowezi. Mu fakitale yokonza zida zamagalimoto ku South China, wogwira ntchito yokonza anapatsidwa ntchito yokonzanso makina osindikizira. Pofuna kusunga nthawi, sanatseke switch yamagetsi kapena kupachika chizindikiro chochenjeza, ndipo anakwera mwachindunji mu makinawo kuti agwire ntchito. Pakati pa ntchito yokonza, wantchito watsopano mu workshop, yemwe sanali wodziwa bwino momwe zinthu zinalili pamalopo, anaganiza kuti zidazo zinali zopanda ntchito ndipo anakanikiza batani loyambira. Kugwira ntchito mwadzidzidzi kwa makina osindikizira kunapangitsa kuti wogwira ntchito yokonza atsekeredwe ndi kapangidwe ka makinawo, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti aphedwe. Kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti fakitaleyo inali ndi malamulo oyang'anira LOTO papepala, koma panalibe kuyang'aniridwa ndi kuyang'aniridwa pamalopo, ndipo antchito sanalandire maphunziro oyendetsera LOTO mwadongosolo.
Ngozi zofanana ndi zimenezi n’zofala m’mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Mu mgodi wa malasha ku North China, gulu lokonza zinthu linalephera kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya LOTO pokonza makina onyamulira katundu. Dalaivala wina anayambitsa zidazo molakwika, zomwe zinachititsa kuti ogwira ntchito awiri okonza zinthu alowe mu makinawo ndipo anavulala kwambiri. Mu fakitale ina ya mankhwala ku East China, kulephera kutseka valavu ya payipi panthawi yokonza zinthu kunapangitsa kuti mpweya woipa komanso woopsa utuluke, zomwe zinachititsa kuti gulu lonse liwonongeke.
“Chiŵerengero cha anthu ovulala 90% ndi phunziro loopsa lomwe lafotokozedwa kuchokera ku ngozi zambiri,” anatero katswiri woona za chitetezo yemwe adatenga nawo mbali pakulemba nkhaniyi. Ananenanso kuti mabizinesi ambiri ndi antchito akadali kuona LOTO ngati “njira yovuta”, akukhulupirira kuti “nthawi yochepa yokonza sidzabweretsa ngozi” kapena “zida zodziwika bwino siziyenera kutsekedwa”. Lingaliro lolakwika ili lapangitsa kuti ngozi zachitetezo zizichitika pafupipafupi. Ndipotu, kuyambitsa mwangozi kwa zida sikukhudzana ndi kutalika kwa nthawi yokonza, ndipo ngakhale nthawi yosasamala ingayambitse zotsatira zosasinthika.
Poyankha vuto lalikulu ili, dipatimenti yoyang'anira zadzidzidzi yapereka momveka bwino zofunikira pakukonza zinthu mu lipotili. Mabizinesi onse omwe ali m'mafakitale oopsa monga opanga makina, malasha, makampani opanga mankhwala ayenera kudzifufuza nthawi yomweyo momwe njira za LOTO zimagwirira ntchito, kupanga malangizo ogwirira ntchito mwatsatanetsatane malinga ndi mawonekedwe a zida zosiyanasiyana, ndikupatsa ogwira ntchito yokonza maloko ndi ma tag apadera omwe sangasinthidwe. Nthawi yomweyo, mabizinesi amafunika kulimbikitsa maphunziro achitetezo a antchito, kuphatikiza ntchito za LOTO pakuwunikira luso la ntchito, ndikukhazikitsa njira yowunikira komanso yoyang'anira. Kwa mabizinesi omwe alephera kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya LOTO yomwe ilipo, adzalamulidwa kuti ayimitse kupanga kuti akonze zinthu, ndipo omwe ali ndi mavuto akulu adzalangidwa motsatira malamulo ndi malamulo oyenera.
Kuphatikiza apo, dipatimenti yoona zadzidzidzi yayambitsanso kampeni yapadera yokonza njira za LOTO mdziko lonse, kukonza ogwira ntchito za apolisi kuti azichita kafukufuku wofunikira pamakampani ofunikira. Kuwunikaku kumayang'ana ngati kampaniyo yakhazikitsa miyezo yoyendetsera ntchito za LOTO, ngati antchito adziwa bwino njira yoyendetsera ntchito, komanso ngati pali zochitika monga "kutseka zabodza" ndi "kulemba zinthu zopanda kanthu".
Chitetezo si nkhani yaing'ono, ndipo udindo ndi wolemera kuposa Mount Tai. Deta ya 90% ya anthu ovulala ndi chenjezo lomwe silinganyalanyazidwe. Imakumbutsa mabungwe onse opanga mafakitale kuti LOTO si mwambo, koma njira yodzitetezera yoteteza miyoyo ya antchito. Pokhapokha poika njira za LOTO patsogolo, kuchotsa malingaliro olakwika, ndikulimbitsa "chingwe chachitetezo" nthawi zonse, ndi pomwe tingachepetse bwino ngozi zokonza makina ndikuteteza miyoyo ndi katundu wa antchito.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-23-2025
