Njira yogwiritsira ntchito ya LOTO ya masitepe 7 singasiyidwe mu sitepe iliyonse

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito ya LOTO ya masitepe 7 singasiyidwe pa sitepe iliyonse.
Kutengera muyezo wa GB/T 33579-2017 komanso zomwe zikuchitika pamalopo, tapanga njira yokhazikika ya masitepe 7LOTOnjira. Gawo lililonse lili ndi zofunikira zomveka bwino zogwirira ntchito komanso zodzitetezera, ndipo likhoza kutsatiridwa mwachindunji popanda kusokoneza kwina kulikonse.
Gawo 1:Dziwani zoopsa, onetsetsani kuti aliyense wadziwitsidwa Musanayambe ntchitoyi, antchito onse oyenerera ayenera kudziwitsidwa pasadakhale - kuphatikizapo ogwira ntchito pazida, ogwira ntchito m'chipinda chowongolera, atsogoleri a magulu, ndi ogwira ntchito omwe ali pafupi. Muwadziwitse momveka bwino za "zida ziti, gawo liti, nthawi yanji, ndi mtundu wanji wa kukonza komwe kukuchitika" kuti muwonetsetse kuti ogwira ntchito osafunikira akudziwa kuti zidazo zatsala pang'ono kulowa mu mkhalidwe wokonza ndikupewa ntchito zangozi. Nthawi yomweyo, dziwani magwero onse oopsa a mphamvu za zidazo mokwanira, monga magetsi akuluakulu a zida zamagetsi, magetsi a nthambi; ma valve a hydraulic system; ma valve a pneumatic system; ma valve a nthunzi a mapaipi a nthunzi; ndi mphamvu yotsalira ya zidazo (monga kuthamanga kosatulutsidwa, mphamvu yokoka ya zigawo zoyimitsidwa), ndikuzilembetsa chimodzi ndi chimodzi kuti muwonetsetse kuti palibe zotsalira.Mfundo zazikulu:Kungodziwitsa ogwira ntchito, kunyalanyaza ogwira ntchito m'chipinda chowongolera, kunapangitsa kuti chipinda chowongolera chiyambe kugwira ntchito molakwika; kusowa kwa mphamvu zotsala, monga makina a hydraulic osachepetsedwa mphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu zituluke mosayembekezereka panthawi ya ntchito zina.
Gawo 2:Konzani kutseka kwa galimoto mokhazikika, gwirani ntchito motsatira malamulo. N'koletsedwa kwambiri kuchita kutseka kwa galimoto mwadzidzidzi (pokhapokha ngati pali ngozi yadzidzidzi). Zipangizo ziyenera kuzimitsidwa pang'onopang'ono malinga ndi njira zake zozimitsira: choyamba, siyani kugwira ntchito kwa chipangizocho, tsekani maswichi oyenera, dikirani kuti chipangizocho chisiye kugwira ntchito kwathunthu (monga kuyimitsa injini, zida zamakina zomwe sizikugwira ntchito), kenako pitirizani ndi gawo lotsatira.Mwachitsanzo:Mu malo ogwirira ntchito yokonza pampu ya centrifugal, njira yolondola ndi iyi: choyamba, tsekani valavu yotulutsira madzi → siyani kugwira ntchito kwa pampu → tsekani valavu yolowera, dikirani kuti pampuyo ileke kugwira ntchito, m'malo mokoka switch mwachindunji kuti mudule magetsi, kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwa pampuyo kapena kumasula mwangozi mphamvu yotsala.
Gawo 3:Kudzipatula kwathunthu, kudula mphamvu kwathunthu. Iyi ndi sitepe yaikulu ya LOTO - pa gwero lililonse la mphamvu lodziwika, tengani njira zodzipatula kuti muwonetsetse kuti mphamvuyo singatumizidwe kumalo ogwirira ntchito. Njira zodziwika bwino zodzipatula ndi izi: makina amagetsi: chotsani switch yayikulu yamagetsi, maswichi amagetsi a nthambi, ndikuchotsa pulagi yamagetsi (ya zida zonyamulika); makina opondereza mpweya/mpweya: tsekani mavavu a hydraulic, mavavu a mpweya, ndipo ngati kuli kofunikira, ikani ma blind plates (kuti mupewe kutayikira kwa valavu); mapaipi a nthunzi/madzimadzi: tsekani mavavu, ikani ma blind plates, tulutsani zotsalira mupaipi; zigawo zamakina: gwiritsani ntchito mapini, zotchinga kuti mukonze zigawo zopachikidwa (monga mafoloko, manja amakina), kuti mupewe kugwa kwa mphamvu yokoka.Mfundo zazikulu:Kungotseka switch ya operation panel, popanda kuchotsa magetsi akuluakulu; osayika ma blind plates mutatseka ma valve, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma valve atuluke komanso kuti mphamvu zituluke mosayembekezereka.
Gawo 4:Kutseka tag, fotokozani maudindo Mukatseka tag, tsekani nthawi yomweyo ndikuyika chizindikiro pa mfundo iliyonse yodzipatula (monga ma switch amagetsi, ma valve), mfundo yaikulu ya sitepe iyi ndi "munthu m'modzi loko imodzi, maudindo omveka bwino".
Gawo 5:Tulutsani mphamvu yotsala, chotsani zoopsa Pambuyo pa kudzipatula, pakhoza kukhalabe mphamvu yotsala mkati mwa chipangizocho (monga mphamvu yamagetsi yotsala, kuthamanga kwa hydraulic, kuthamanga kwa mpweya, kutentha kotsala), chiyenera kutulutsidwa kwathunthu ndikutsekedwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti chipangizocho chili mu "zero energy state": zida zamagetsi: mutatseka switch, dinani batani loyambira chipangizocho kuti mutsimikizire kuti palibe yankho, ndipo onani kuti kuwerenga kwa magetsi ndi zero; dongosolo la hydraulic/air pressure: tsegulani valavu yochepetsera kuthamanga kuti mutulutse kuthamanga kotsala mu dongosolo, dikirani kuti muyeso wa kuthamanga uwonetse zero, kenako tsekani valavu yochepetsera kuthamanga; zida zotentha kwambiri: dikirani kuti chipangizocho chizizire mpaka kutentha kotetezeka kuti mupewe kutentha; zida zamakanika: yang'anani pamanja zida zoyimitsidwa kuti mutsimikizire kuti zakhazikika bwino ndipo palibe chiopsezo chogwa.Mfundo zazikulu:Kudumpha sitepe yotulutsa mphamvu yotsala, kuganiza kuti "kuzima kwa magetsi kuli bwino", zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu yotsalayo itulutsidwe mosayembekezereka, zomwe zimayambitsa kuvulala.
Gawo 6:Kutsimikizira kudzipatula, kutsimikizira chitetezo Iyi ndi sitepe yosavuta kuinyalanyaza koma yofunika kwambiri - mutatulutsa mphamvu yotsala, iyenera kutsimikiziridwanso kuti iwonetsetse kuti kudzipatulako kukugwira ntchito bwino ndipo zida sizingayambitsidwe.Njira yolondola:Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo amayesetsa kuyambitsa zida (monga kukanikiza batani loyambira, kutembenuza chowongolera chogwirira ntchito, kutsegula valavu), kutsimikizira kuti zidazo siziyankha; nthawi yomweyo, yang'anani maloko, ma tag pamalo aliwonse olekanitsidwa, ngati mphamvu yotsala yatulutsidwa yatha, ngati mulingo wa kuthamanga, kuwerenga kwa magetsi ndi zero, pokhapokha ngati zonse zatsimikizika popanda cholakwika, zitha kuyambitsa ntchito yokonza.Chikumbutso chachikulu:Pa nthawi yotsimikizira, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti palibe antchito ena omwe alipo pamalo ogwirira ntchito kuti apewe kuyambitsa mwangozi (ngati pali mphamvu yotsala) panthawi yotsimikizira, zomwe zingayambitse kuvulala; pambuyo poti kutsimikizira kumalizidwa, owongolera onse ayenera kubwezeretsedwanso kuti atsimikizire kuti zida zomwe zikubwera zikugwiranso ntchito bwino.
Gawo 7:Tulutsani ndi kubwezeretsa, mukamaliza kutsegula ndi kukonza, musatsegule mwachisawawa; tsatirani njira zotsatirazi popanda zolakwika zilizonse: Yeretsani malo ogwirira ntchito: Yang'anani malo ogwirira ntchito kuti muwonetsetse kuti zida zonse, ziwalo zachotsedwa, palibe zinyalala zomwe zatsala, zida zayikidwa bwino, ndipo zida zotetezera zabwezeretsedwa; Chiwerengero cha ogwira ntchito: Tsimikizani kuti ogwira ntchito onse achoka pamalo ogwirira ntchito ndipo palibe ogwira ntchito omwe atsala; Dziwitsani ogwira ntchito oyenerera: Dziwitsani woyendetsa, ogwira ntchito yoyang'anira pakati, ndi mtsogoleri wa gulu kuti "Kukonza kwatha ndipo kutsegula ndi kukonzanso kudzachitika posachedwa"; Mfundo yotsegulira: Tsatirani mosamala mfundo ya "Ndani amatseka, ndani amatsegula"; Maloko aumwini ayenera kuchotsedwa ndi munthu payekha; N'koletsedwa kuti ena asinthe; Pa maloko ogwirizana, ogwira ntchito onse ayenera kuchotsa maloko awo aumwini woyang'anira ntchito asanatsegule mofanana; Konzani zida: Chotsani zida zodzipatula (monga mbale zobisika, mapini), bwezeretsani ma valve ndi ma switch pamalo abwino, kenako chitani ntchito yoyesera zida kuti mutsimikizire kuti zida zikugwira ntchito bwino popanda phokoso losazolowereka, kutuluka kwa madzi, ndi zina zotero, ndipo izi zimaonedwa ngati kumaliza kwa njira yonse ya LOTO. Zowonjezera: Ngati ntchitoyo sinamalizidwe, antchito ayenera kuchoka kwakanthawi; Ndikofunikira kuti woyang'anira kapena wogwira ntchito wina atsekenso ndi kulemba mayina antchito oyamba asanachotse maloko awo; Panthawi yopereka maloko, munthu wopereka sangachotse maloko mwachindunji; Munthu wotenga maloko ayenera kutseka ndi kulemba mayina munthu wotenga maloko awo asanachotse maloko awo; Ngati zida zasiya kugwira ntchito kwa maola opitilira 8, woyang'anira ndiye ali ndi udindo patagout yotseka.